Process of making bimetallic ingots, plates, sheets, tubes, wires, and like products.



' PATENTED SEPTQl, 1908. J. F. MONNOT. PROCESS OF MAKING BIMETALLIGINGOTS, PLATES, SHEETS, TUBES, WIRES,

AND LIKE PRODUCTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1905.

Inventor:- JOHN FERREOL. MoNNo-r A ttys UNITED TATES PA E T oFF oE.

JOHN FERREOL MONNOT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO DUPLEX METALSCOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS or MAKING IBIMETALLIG INGOTS, PLATES, SHEETS, TUBES, wmns, LHCE7 PRODUCTS.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

T Application filed Kay 23, 1905. Serial No. 261,740.

resident of the borough of Manhattan, city,

county, and State of New York,.have 1nvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Processes of Making Bimetallic Ingots, Plates, Sheets,Tubes, Wires, and

Like Products, of which the following-is a specification accom anied bydrawings.

This invention re ates to improvements in processes in making bimetallic ingots, plates, sheets, tubes, wires, and like products, andits objects are to improve upon such processes and prevent waste, with areduction of cost in the preparation and handling of the material to beoperated upon.

According to this invention the roducts consist of bi-metals such assteel an copper, steel and brass, steel and silver and othercombinations of ferrous :metals with nonferrous metals which areductile, high-melting and of a generally copper-like character.

' The stated non-ferrous metals have high the same; Figi-3 isa-transverse sectional elcw melting points and may therefore be workedwith steel at steel-working temperatures, brass and silver being likecopperinthis respect as well as in'others. Ingots of any requireddimensions may be produced in accordance with this process and theproportions of the elements entering into the composition of the ingotsmay be exactly determined and maintained throughout the finishingprocesses. Once an ingot, for instance, is 1produced, the metalscomprising it are so we d'ed together that it is impossible to separatethem either mechanically orby means of heat. They form a homogeneousmass that may be rolled into sheets or drawn into wires like a single'metal. 1

Further objects of the invention will hereinafter appear, and to theseends the inven tion consists of a process for manufacturing bi metallicingots, plates, sheets, tubes,

wires, and the like, substantially as herein-' after fully described andclaimed in this specification.

ings, in which, 1 v Figure 1 1s a horizontal sectional view of asuitable mold for carrying out theproce'sS;

.Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of "such a'contact betweensolid or attain ingforming steel-cop from a mere adherence. I deposit ofthe coating metal has been proheated billet at t vation of the same;Fig. 4 is an enlarged deof one of the ends for the mold; and Fig. 6 is atransverse sectional view of Fig. 5.

I have found that excellent qualities of bimetals may be made by firstelectro-depositing the coating metal on a suitablenore of a differentkind of metal from the coating and then welding the two metals togetherby means of heat and hi h compression.

. The core metal, pre erably steel or iron, in the form desired, as aningot, bloom, billet or slab is first perfectly cleaned and the coatingmetal is depositedelectrically on it in a layer of-sufiicient thicknessto obtain the proportion desired between the core and coating metals.If, for instance, a steel slab about three inches thick is used for thecore, an electro-deposit of copper of about one-half inch in thicknesson each side of the core should be made in order to produce a 25percent. finished bimetal. i

Patented Sept. 1, 1908.

An electrodeposited coating of copper on steel though in itselfcrystalline, orous and of little mechanical strength wit no more than anadherencev to the basemetal, nevertheless is in absolute molecular, andmetallic contact with such base on all abutting surfaces of copper andsteel, the co per crystals being deposited on the steel surl lutecontact therewith. The particles or crystals of the copper in thecoating are also in similar absolute contact with each other. Anabsolute contact of copper and steel is difficult to secure by ordinarymethods since copper at common casting temperatures does not wetsteelnor do the solid or plastic metals readily contactv at ordinarworking temperatures Withan abso ute metallic contact. It is alsodifiicult-to secure plastic copper and a similar body of copper, copperbemg a non welding metal. Absolute metallic contact ofthe two metals isvery desirable to thereby the coating may of'coherence .to thebase, asdistinguished duced, the coated billet is then heated to the requiredtemperature in a suitable furnace under conditions recluding oxidation.The e required temperatureis ace in absoer bimetals since e given adegree metal Y After the electrobase.

. erablyv is laid in the the arm of the press is rought to bear uponthen submitted to a high pressure by suitable meansin order to compressthe two metals on all their surface of contact and thus obtain a perfectweld. The bi-metallic billet thus obtained can afterwards be reheatedand rolled into any desired finished product, such as plates, sheets,tubes, wire, and the like. For producing bi-metallic plates and sheets,I prefer to use a rectangular billet or slab of the desired metal forthe core, which I preferably coat on the two flat sides. It is thenheated as described and pressed between two well laned steel plates orheated in a suitable ie. In the initial electrocoating there is secureda coating of the full thickness desired and in metallic contact with thebase, but this coating is weak, porous and crystalline, with no greatadherence to the p In the subse uent heating and pressing, in thedescribe manner, this coating is rendered dense, impervious and stronwhile the adherence to the base is converte into a coherence sufficientto permit the joined metals to be coextended and otherwise worked likeone metal.

For producin wire a round billet is preferably used fortie core. Afterthe coating metal has been deposited on the core by any well knownprocess the billet is heated and referably pressed in a suitable die.One orm of die which is made especially for carrying out this process isillustrated in the drawings, although any suitable'form of apparatus maybe used. This die is made in two arts a. and b in which are cut ogivalor Gothic rooves. The bottom part a, is prefed but the top I) may movebetween the two side plates 0. The dies (1 b and side plates a formingthe mold, together with the ends 3 are placed in a suitable ydraulicress which will hold the bottom a, and side p ates c firmly, leaving thetop die 1) free to move.

The prepared and heated cylindrical billet groove of the bottom-piece a,then the top piece I) is laced in positlon and the block D, therebyforcing downwards the die I; and compressing the billet from a round toan ogival form.

This form of die has the advantage of transmittin equal pressures on allthe surfaces of the b' et and thereby producing a perfect weld of thecore with the coating metal. The

Gothic form is also advantageous for the subsequent rolling of thebillet into bars, rods, etc. 1 o

The end pieces 8 fit into the dies 0. and b, and therefore by preferencehave the configuration of the internal contour of such dies.

Said pieces 8 are provided with axial longi-- tudinal openings for theporter bar of the ingot.

Obviously this process may be carried out in any suitable apparatus, andequivalent steps may be substituted for some of those described,therefore, without enumerating equivalents,

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

1. The process 0 producing bodies of unlike metals welded together whichconsists in electrically depositing on a core of ferrous metal a coatingof a softer, ductile highmelt ing copper-like metal workable at'steelwork ing temperatures, heating core and coating together, and while at asuitable temperature compressing. them together by a transverse pressureupon all abutting surfaces.

2. .The process of producin bodies of unlike metals welded together wich consists in depositing electrically a coating of a softer,

non-ferrous, high melting, cop er-like metal upon a core of a ferrousmeta heating the coated core to a suitable temperature and while at suchtemperature ressing the coated core between dies adapte to producepressure upon all abutting surfaces of the joined metals. I

3. The recess of roducing bodies of copperwelde to steelw ich-consistsin electrically depositing a coating of copper upon steel, said coatingcorresponding to the thlc'kness desired in the finished article, heatingthe coated core to a suitable temperature and while at such temperatureressing the coated core between dies adapte to produce pressure upon allabutting surfaces of the joined metals.

In testimonywhereof I have signed this

